acbb79b6-0dbf-4a92-b7b1-316306fd6abbAluminum, secondary, ingot, at plantMaterials productionOther materialsIn order to reduce aluminum losses and furnace emissions, scrap processing is required before the scrap is melted. Processing steps include shredding and crushing, drying and sweating, delacquering (the removal of paints and other coatings), and air knife processing (the removal of small pieces of non-aluminum materials by using bursts of air). The objectives of melting are to adjust the alloy composition, improve metal quality, and produce the metal in a form suitable for subsequent processing. Secondary aluminum furnaces are fueled by natural gas and operate at temperatures between 700 and 800 degrees Celsius. Reverberatory furnaces, which reflect heat off the furnace walls and roof, are the most common type of furnace for melting aluminum scrap and have capacities of up to 100,000 kilograms. When molten aluminum exits the furnace, it is cast into ingot; there are different sizes and shapes of ingot molds, depending on the intended use of the metal. Dross and salt cake are two byproducts of secondary aluminum furnaces. Dross is formed when molten aluminum reacts with atmospheric oxygen and moisture. The metal composition of dross varies widely, ranging from 10 to 80 percent. The metal extracted from dross is commonly used to produce remelt secondary ingot (RSI), which is a major source of feedstock for both primary and secondary aluminum producers. Salt cake is composed of the spent flux oxides and other oxides and impurities from the melt process. Air emissions from secondary aluminum production are regulated by MACT (maximum achievable control technology) standards. Such emissions result from furnaces, scrap shredders, dryers, rotary dross coolers, delaquering kilns, and in-line fluxing chambers. Baghouses are the most common emission control devices used in secondary aluminum production. Solid waste management standards are governed by RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act). Baghouse dust is the predominant solid waste from secondary aluminum production. Important note: although most of the data in the US LCI database has undergone some sort of review, the database as a whole has not yet undergone a formal validation process. Please email comments to lci@nrel.gov. The original datasets and documentation can be found online: https://www.lcacommons.gov/nrel/search0Unit process, single operationAttributionalnone95.0No statement2021-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.12021-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedNREL US Life Cycle Inventory (USLCI) LibraryVarious (NREL USLCI)trueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of Sphera Solutions GmbH. Sphera Solutions GmbH delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Aluminium ingot (secondary)Output1.01.00.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivationvaluable