946ed01f-c4ba-4007-8c73-4667f3bed919Energy recovery from plywood, formply, B-bond, 17 mm (formwork) (EN 15804 C3)technology mixend-of-life mix, at producer9.3 kg/m3 at 8% moisture content (dry basis) / 7.4% water content (wet basis)End-of-life treatmentThis dataset has been prepared in accordance with ISO 14025:2006, EN 15804:2013, PCR 2012:01 of the International EPD System (2015) and the General Programme Instructions of the Australasian EPD® Programme (Version 2.0, 2017). It is an end-of-life scenario (EN 15804 module C3&D) and includes shredding and combustion (module C3) with recovered energy offset against thermal energy from natural gas (module D) in line with EN 16485:2014 (Section 6.3.4.5).
This dataset represents an average combustion with energy recovery scenario for wood products in Australia. Allocation by energy is applied for co-generation of heat and power.0This dataset represents an end-of-life scenario where wood products in Australia are combusted to produce energy.Foreground system:
Energy recovery includes the preparation of wood chips (chipping and drying to 12% MC, depending on initial moisture content). The wood chips are then used as a fuel to provide thermal energy to a boiler. Environmental impacts of the wood fuel preparation are reported in module C3 and are treated as a secondary material (EN 16485:2014). Carbon sequestered in wood is assumed to leave the system boundary at module C3 and is exported to future product systems in line with EN 16485. The combustion of wood chips is included in Module D along with an offset against thermal energy from natural gas (EN 16485:2014).
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Diesel mix at filling stationGasoline mix (regular) at filling stationThermal energy from biomass (solid)Thermal energy from natural gasElectricity grid mixAmmonia (NH3) production mix, without CO2 recovery (carbon dioxide emissions to air)Limestone (CaCO3; washed)This dataset represents an end-of-life scenario where wood products in Australia are combusted to produce energy.renewables_fwpa_wood_energy_recovery.jpgLCI resultAttributionalAllocation - market valueAllocation - element contentAllocation - massAllocation - volumeUpstream data: For refinery products, allocation is done by mass and net calorific value. Inventories for electricity and thermal energy generation include allocation by economic value for some by-products (e.g. gypsum, boiler ash and fly ash). Allocation by energy is applied for co-generation of heat and power. For materials and chemicals, the allocation rule most suitable for the product is applied. Co-products (e.g. sawn wood and sawdust from milling): As the difference in economic value of the coproducts is high (>25% as per EN 15804, Section 6.4.3.2), allocation has been done by economic value.Foreground system: none
Background system: All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land use documentationEnvironmental impacts relating to personnel, infrastructure, and production equipment not directly consumed in the process are excluded from the system boundary as per the PCR (IEPDS 2015, Section 6.5.4). All other reported data were incorporated and modelled using the best available life cycle inventory data.NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent. For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneEnvironmental Product Declaration: Plywood0.0Foreground data from 2015-16, validated in 2017.The data set represents an end-of-life inventory. It can be used to characterise the supply chain situation of the respective commodity in a representative manner. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs.No statementForest and Wood Products Australia Ltd.This background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.2021-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1Sphera Solutions GmbHNo official approval by producer or operator2021-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesForest and Wood Products Australia Ltd.trueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of Sphera Solutions GmbH. Sphera Solutions GmbH delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Plywood, formply, B-bond, 17 mm (formwork)Input1.01.00.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivationvaluable