55c6b476-a9b6-4b89-8439-d149ac915d5dThermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) single ply roofing membrane, 45 mils (A1-A3) - Carlisleindustry mixproduction mix (at plant)single ply roofing membrane thickness = 45 milsSystemsConstructionThis data set contains the results for the modules A1-A3 according to EN 15804. It includes the preparation of the precursor materials through to raw material extraction and processing, their transport to the factory and the production itself, including the provision of all supplies and materials, energy, and the complete waste treatment or the residual waste during the stage of production.
A comparison with other products is only allowed by a similar application in the building. In principle, a comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the datasets are created to be compared to EN 15804 and the product-specific features are considered.0The dataset represents US specific situation, focusing on the main technologies and the legislative boundary conditionsForeground system:
The system boundaries comprise the cradle-to-gate lifecycle of single ply thermoplastic olefin (TPO) roofing memebrane of 45 mils nominal thickness, weighing 1.20 kg/m2, in the year 2014. This dataset is modelled according to the European Standard EN 15804 modules described below:
A1-A3: Product stage, containing the following modules:
* A1, raw material extraction and processing, processing of secondary material input (e.g. recycling processes),
* A2, transport to the manufacturer,
* A3, manufacturing.
The dataset represents production in the US and also includes disposal of any waste (production and packaging) from the manufacturing plant.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity is modelled according to the individual country-specific situations. The country-specific modelling is achieved on multiple levels. Firstly, individual energy carrier specific power plants and plants for renewable energy sources are modelled according to the current national electricity grid mix. Modelling the electricity consumption mix includes transmission / distribution losses and the own use by energy producers (own consumption of power plants and "other" own consumption e.g. due to pumped storage hydro power etc.), as well as imported electricity. Secondly, the national emission and efficiency standards of the power plants are modelled as well as the share of electricity plants and combined heat and power plants (CHP). Thirdly, the country-specific energy carrier supply (share of imports and / or domestic supply) including the country-specific energy carrier properties (e.g. element and energy content) are accounted for. Fourthly, the exploration, mining/production, processing and transport processes of the energy carrier supply chains are modelled according to the specific situation of each electricity producing country. The different production and processing techniques (emissions and efficiencies) in the different energy producing countries are considered, e.g. different crude oil production technologies or different flaring rates at the oil platforms.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled according to the individual country-specific situation with regard to emission standards and considered energy carriers. The thermal energy and process steam are produced at heat plants. Efficiencies for thermal energy production are by definition 100% in relation to the corresponding energy carrier input. For process steam the efficiency ranges from 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to the specific import situation (see electricity above).
Transports: All relevant and known transport processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model represents the current national standard in refining techniques (e.g. emission level, internal energy consumption, etc.) as well as the individual country-specific product output spectrum, which can be quite different from country to country. The supply of crude oil is modelled, again, according to the country-specific situation with the respective properties of the resources.Thermal energy from natural gasThermal energy from LPGTap water from groundwaterElectricity grid mix (East)Electricity grid mix (West)Natural gas mixLiquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) (70% propane; 30% butane)Electricity grid mix (Texas)TPO is a flexible sheet single-ply roof membrane made from thermoplastic polyolefin as the principal polymer that is used worldwide in low-slope buildings (roof slope < 2:12). It is classified as a thermoplastic material with the seams of the roofing system sealed by heat welding with hot air.construction_tpo manufacturing diagram.pngLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - market valueAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - exergetic contentAllocation - massForeground system: Mass allocation was applied to report primary data.
Background system: For the combined heat and power production, allocation by exergetic content is applied. For the electricity generation and by-products, e.g. gypsum, allocation by market value is applied due to no common physical properties. Within the refinery allocation by net calorific value and mass is used. For the combined crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production allocation by net calorific value is applied.
For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneEN15804GaBi Modelling PrinciplesCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95% of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 95% of all elementary flows that contribute to each of the declared category indicators.NoneData sources from different companies have been averaged. Average values are the ones used in the inventory. Primary data was collected by data questionnaires sent to each participating company. The GaBi ts software system was used for generating the model of the production and as the source of background LCA information. The average environmental burdens of the national power grid mix in the production countries are used in the model. In case of an independent steam or energy supply at the production site, additional data were collected and modeled in GaBi.NoneData was collected and treated to ensure the resulting inventory is representative of the SPRI industry avergae TPO (45 mils) memebrane production. Namely, the data was collected from 4 producing companies. Data collection period: one year production. The datset is representative for the state of technology in 2014 and should be reviewed for technological change in 10 years.NoneGaBi databases95.0Not applicableAdjustNoneA1-A3: The environmental profile includes expenses for the life cycle stages cradle-to-gate (module A1-A3). The production of the packaging has been taken into account within the modules A1-A3.No statementThe LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.
Sphera Solutions GmbHULCarlisle SynTec SystemsSphera Solutions GmbH2021-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1Sphera Solutions GmbHNo official approval by producer or operator2021-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedtrueOtherThe EPD owner has agreed to add LCI information corresponding to the EPD to the GaBi databases. The data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies with GaBi software and databases. Any use of the LCI data outside of the GaBi software and databases should not be considered before having received any written permission from Sphera. GaBi (source code, database including extension databases modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of Sphera Solutions GmbH. Sphera Solutions GmbH delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.PlantAvgOutput1.208595162954731.208595162954730.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivationvaluable