14db2998-ff19-45e6-9951-f5bd9ae8c149GCC dryGround Calcium Carbonate (GCC) - dry, uncoated, with a CaCO3 content of 98% or more, a median particle size ranging typically from 2.5 to 5 µm, ready to be shipped in bulk. Production at plant.Production at plantNoneDry GCCMaterials productionOther mineralic materialsSpecific data collection and process modelling were performed in accordance with ISO 14040 and 14044 series. Process related data were collected on 13 GCC production sites located in 7 European countries + Norway + Turkey. The data were then consolidated by process stage (horizontal aggregation). The resulting LCI calculation is based on the dry GCC production process route and corresponds to generic industry screening results. The electricity model used for the project is representative of the average production of the 27 European countries + Norway + Turkey. Other upstream data are based on European averages. For modelling and other upstream processes and materials, the Gabi database was used whenever possible and the Ecoinvent 2.2 database as second choice. The Gabi 6.3.1.14 software has been used to generate this ELCD data set for GCC dry.0Reference flowThe data set is based on average site-specific data of the GCC plants located in the EU(28), Norway and Turkey. Electricity grid mix is an average of electricity produced in EU(27), Norway and Turkey. Other upstream data are based on European averages.Calcium carbonate is extracted in quarries using conventional mechanical extraction methods. The material is then transported to a crusher for size reduction. It is sometimes washed before undergoing a further size reduction (secondary crushing). The material is successively screened, eventually dry grinded and classified until it reaches the requested granulometry.GCC dry is used as filler in:
- filler in paper
- paints and coatings
- plastics such as PVC, unsaturated polyesters, propylene and polyethylene
- floorings
- rubber
- adhesives / sealantsdrygcc_process flow.jpgLCI resultAttributionalNoneAllocation - massTwo cases: sites without by-product: 100% allocation to main product / sites with by-product: mass allocation (considering dry matter)For the mass balance, separate flows were used to model dry matter and water in the product. Evaporated water was neglected. Overburden and other mining waste extracted in the quarry are followed up : - in input of the inventory as "Inert Rock" flow - in output, as mining waste; therefore not included in total waste.NoneProcesses and activities that only constitute a negligible contribution to the data collection were excluded using one of the following criteria: together they contribute to less than 1% of the total environmental impact for each impact category and/or b. they represent less than 1% of the mass input. All upstream processes (electricity, etc.) are included. Infrastructure is not included.NoneThe ELCD Dataset is based on average site-specific data collected on 13 sites using technologies which are representative for the dry GCC production in Europe + Norway + Turkey. To generate the European + Norwegian + Turkish typical values, a horizontal aggregation was used, i.e. an average was calculated for every process stage (e.g. quarry, transportation, crushing, blending etc.). At least 3 sites are used for every process stage. The general procedure adopted during the project for data collection and LCI calculation was: 1. Collect information from the selected sites, per process stage. 2. Aggregate these individual information per process stage, using an horizontal aggregation method 3. Calculate the LCI of GCC dry, based on the process route detailed in the enclosed figure.NoneMissing data are substituted by the average value calculated from the data supplied by those plants that made positive returns.NoneGaBi databasesEcoinvent Database82.0Selection of sites for the reporting of process data based on a preliminary survey among all CCA members2012-2013"The data set is a cradle to gate life cycle analysis of dry GCC. The LCI data set should be used for LCI/ LCA studies where GCC dry is used. The transportation of dry GCC from the GCC plant, its packaging (if any) and any further use has to be taken into account additionally since the data base on a cradle-to-gate approach. Disclaimer: Being average figures, the LCI data provided in this datasheet are representative of the dry GCC production as a whole. It is to be noted that in some cases site specific values may vary on some flows compared to the figures here enclosed.
"No statementCross check with other data set. Compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. Compliance with ILCD Entry Level. Independant External review. Scope: LCI results or Partly terminated system.
Håkan StrippleReview report and verification of Life Cycle Inventory of Ground calcium carbonate (GCC) & PreciILCD Data Network - Entry-levelFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedThe aim of the project was to provide generic industry screening results to ELCD (via specific data collection and process modelling).They should be used for LCI/LCA generic screening purposes, whenever generic data for dry GCC production are needed.EESAC2021-02-01T00:00:00.000ILCD format 1.1EESAC2021-02-01T00:00:00.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedtrueFree of charge for all users and usesThe data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies, to distribute it to third parties, to convert it to other formats, to develop own data sets etc. as long as the copyright and license conditions for the ELCD data sets and the ILCD format are met that can be accessed via http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu. Please note e.g. that reference must be given to the 'Owner of data set' and to the 'ELCD database' plus version number, when using the data set or parts thereof. Please note also, that any modifications/omissions of the data set results in invalidity of any existing 'Official approval of data set by producer/operator', that the impression must be avoided that this would still be a complete ELCD data set, and that the content of further fields has to be adjusted. For details see the aforementioned copyright and license conditions.GCC dryOutput1000.01000.00.000Mixed primary / secondaryUnknown derivationvaluable